To wash my bike (only when NEEDED), I go over it with bug'n tar remover where needed, then I paint only the motor (grey alloy) and rear wheel (textured surface) with liquid laundry detergent (Dynamo, no fabric softner, mixed with a little water to make a runny paste) then let dry in the sun until blue paste turns white and powdery (this process lifts and cleans any oil, grease and road grim), time for a beer or two. Then hose off, then cap full of wash'n wax in a bucket of warm water, with a soft wash sponge, suds up the rest of the bike (in the shade) then hose off, then blow off with compressed air, paying special attention to all switch blocks and bolt / spark plug cavities.
To detail (only when NEEDED, usually after third or fourth wash)... now that's a longer and more energy required process. Bike lift, good paint wax/polish for all painted surfaces, wax on using old towel ripped up, polish off using a clean micro cloth and effort (fast but not heavy), all chrome and alloy ('cept motor) and rear wheel (polished sections only) I use Autosol metal polish with a clean micro cloth. For the spokes, front axle I rub on with fingers then I use long strips of cotton cloth wraped/looped around once and a sawing action (takes a bit of practice to get right) to polish off (and any other round parts, eg; forks, frame ect). Leather cream/conditioner for leather, Armor all for all plastics and rubbers (NOT hand grips, foot pegs or tyres).
I give mine a good hose, wait for it to half dry them wipe it down with a towel.
If I've done a lot of wet weather riding during the week, I hose it first, then wash it with dish washer in a bucket, then hose that off then wait till its half dry and towel it down.
I think it's rained 5 out of the last 6 times I've been riding lately! Does anyone know of something I can spray on my boots to waterproof them?
https://www.kiwicare.com/en-gb/products/kiwi-rain-and-stain-protector
Seet, what you see is stains on the aluminium. I use a babies bottle brush, That's the best I can come up with. Nothing is going to clean those parts the way you would like. One thing you can try is Mr Sheen and a pair of stockings /pantyhose. Spray the Mr Sheen and run the panty hose around the area behind the disc and spin the wheel. Won't be prefect but might get some of the staining off, also will seal the ally as well. Just be a bit careful with the discs on the first braking use after doing that. Might give it a go myself as I just thought of that.
Do yourself a favour and stay away from Bowdens...its cheap.